Pulse

If you have pulse, use pulse. Check with which pulseaudio. No output means you need to use alsa (below).

Volume Control

1pactl set sink @DEFAULT_SINK@ +5%

Find working outputs:

1aplay -l

#Sound Settings

Surround.5 seems best.

Find what Sound settings exist

amixer scontrols

Change a Sound setting

1amixer set Master 5%-

Restart everything

pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload

Alsa

Toggle, mute, increase or decrase audio:

1amixer sset Master toggle

1amixer sset Master mute

1amixer sset Master 5%+

1amixer sset Master 5%-

Finicky Sound Cards

Start with:

1alsamixer

Then press F6 to see available Sound cards. If you find a Sound card called 'PinePhone', then you can select an audio source there, and adjust with:

1amixer -c PinePhone set 'Headphone' 50%