Basic Keeping track of health problems. Mostly under /var/log/. These logs are created by syslogd (or syslog in earlier distros). Rundown `alternatives.log' has a bunch about other programs installing things around 5 times a day. This includes x-www-browser, which sets the default browser (supposedly - this doesn't …

Read More

Firstly, your ls is probably aliased to something. Check it with: 1alias ls If the prompt shows some alias, then start by removing it: 1unalias ls Now we can begin. Check the most recently modified file: 1ls -t Reverse this with tac to see the file which has been unmodified the longest: 1ls -t | tac Group files by …

Read More

Package Cache Clean the cache of old packages in /var/cachepacman/pkg/: 1ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l 2sudo pacman -Sc 3ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l And the same for yay (with -Yc to remove old dependencies): 1ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l 2yay -Sc 3yay -Yc 4ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l New Configs If you chance a …

Read More

Make your first target 'help' to give an overview of the main targets. Running make help will search for text which starts with ## and show what that target does. 1.PHONY: help 2help: ## Print the help message. 3 @awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.?## "} /^[0-9a-zA-Z._-]+:.?## / {printf "\033[36m%s\033[0m : %s\n", $$1, $$2}' …

Read More

If you have graph-easy (often in the package perl-graph-easy or similar), you can make a graph from the makefile with make2graph (the package is often called makefile2graph). Start with the command to 'make all targets' (-B), and 'do a dummy run' (-n) with debug into (-d): 1make -Bnd 2make -Bnd | make2graph 3make -Bnd …

Read More

Using the basic example, you can make a complete backup of all backup files. This file will depend upon everything inside the $(storage_directory). Unlike bash, you can't just say storage_directory/: the pattern must be stated as a 'wildcard'. 1$(storage_directory)/backup.tgz: $(wildcard $(storage_directory)/.md) 2 …

Read More

The make system wants to know: What file you want to make, Which other files it depends on, and How to build the file. Start with a basic test-area. 1mkdir make_test ; cd $_ 2printf "%s:\n" README.md > Makefile 3printf "\t%s\n" 'echo "Basic makefile example." > $@' >> Makefile 4make NB: Always tell make how to build …

Read More

Basics A service can consist of two files - the .sh script to run, and the .service file which describes its run conditions. The .service file goes in /etc/systemd/system. The scripts themselves might be best placed in $HOME/.local/bin. Example - tracker.service 1[Unit] 2Description=Tracker 3 4[Service] 5Type=simple …

Read More

Check which groups you are in, and which are available: 1cat /etc/group 2groups 3cat /etc/group | grep $USER Remove yourself from all groups, and add yourself back to only wheel, audio, and your own group: 1sudo usermod --groups wheel,audio,$USER Add yourself to the wheel group: 1su root -c "usermod --append --groups …

Read More

Find the path to a domain: 1domain=bad.horse 2max_hops=50 3 4tracepath -m $maximum_hops $domain If you're on Debian, you can use graph-easy and dothost to make an instant diagram: 1domain=dice.camp 2dothost $domain | graph-easy --boxart

Read More